FAX (Facsimile Telegraphy): Facsimile telegraphy deals with the transmission of typewritten or handwritten messages, drawings, graphs, pictures, or any other matter that cannot be sent by telegraph, telephone, or teleprinter. This machine works by converting the variations of reflected light into the image. of the original matter into electrical impulses that can be reconverted into the image upon reception. Connections can be made over very long distances using public telephone networks or radio links. Fax is perhaps the fastest system available today, and a standard letter-size document takes approximately four minutes to transmit and receive, regardless of the amount of material it contains. In this system there is no room for copy errors and therefore high level skills are required in high skills. Even typed material can be transmitted more efficiently via fax than via teleprinter, since the former completely eliminates the element of error checking inadvertently incorporated during the transmission of material.
ELECTRONIC MAIL (E-Mail) – This too is an offspring of computer technology. It facilitates the transmission of messages through the use of computer storage and computer interconnections, thus eliminating postal delays. The message is simply entered into the system. The signals, converted into digital pulses, are stored in the computer’s memory for retrieval. The message can be retrieved at the recipient’s convenience. Therefore, in addition to saving time, email is a more convenient and discreet method of sending a message, since the sender can be sure not to disturb the recipient. In close internal communication, the links are established either by the CPU of the Internet workstations of the computer network. In remote communication between offices in different locations, an extensive network of satellite or microwave technology is used for the transmission of email. Group communication usually takes place in person, in the same room, but new technology provides a facility for discussion with the group of people on the Internet. You can hold a meeting, hold a group discussion, or report to people scattered across the country or the world. You can consult various experts through computers using decision support systems to get their views before making a decision or finalizing an action plan. In conference calls, the focus is on the idea or concept being communicated. This is an advantage of the method, but sometimes this excessive emphasis on the message with the corresponding neglect of the person who communicates it may not be totally in tune with the corporate culture, which needs a dynamic means of communication.
Teleconferences: Group communication usually takes place in person, in the same room, but new technology provides a facility for discussion with a group of people on the Internet. You can hold a meeting, hold a group discussion, or report to people scattered across the country or the world. You can consult various experts through computers using group decision support systems to get their views before making a decision or finalizing an action plan. In conference calls, the focus is on the idea or concept being communicated. This is the advantage of the method, but sometimes this excessive emphasis on the message with the corresponding neglect of the person who communicates it, may not be totally in tune with the corporate culture, which needs a dynamic means of communication.
It is an arrangement that makes it easy for speakers to communicate with each other in different locations using public telephone links. Conference participants located in different areas of geographical distance can discuss topics using their terminals which are connected to each other, ie the telecommunication network.
In recent years, large business organizations are using the teleconferencing method to conduct business meetings with interested executives who are geographically dispersed in a region. For example, a company that has a chain of branches offers a network for the teleconferencing service. Members or participants can go to their local branch and participate, and interact in discussion with the speaker at other branches. It is worth mentioning that an alternative to computer conferences are teleconferences. An electronic link of geographically dispersed people is undoubtedly an oral communication through a medium but without the presence of people. The advantage of face-to-face conversion cannot be obtained from teleconferences which cannot replace them. Body movements, facial expressions that also communicate feelings, attitudes, etc. you can’t see it with the teleconference perfectly. But on the other hand, teleconference offers a series of advantages such as:
1. It saves time.
2. Cost and energy are saved.
3. Traveling to a distant place to attend the conference is avoided.
4. Without monotony or fatigue.
5. Work, facility and accommodation arrangements are removed.
